Pericardial Diseases

Pericardial diseases involve conditions affecting the pericardium, the protective sac surrounding the heart. These disorders can be caused by infections, inflammatory diseases, or trauma and include pericarditis, pericardial effusion, and constrictive pericarditis. Symptoms often include chest pain, shortness of breath, and fluid accumulation around the heart, which can lead to serious complications if untreated. The diagnosis of pericardial diseases typically involves imaging tests such as echocardiography or CT scans, which help assess the extent of fluid buildup and inflammation. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include medications like anti-inflammatory drugs, drainage procedures, or, in some cases, surgery. Early recognition and intervention are essential for preventing long-term damage to the heart.