Title : Numerical investigation of blood flow dynamics in cardiovascular diseases using lattice boltzmann method: Application to stenosis and aneurysm
Abstract:
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 17.7 million deaths annually, representing 31% of global mortality. Cardiovascular diseases, particularly stenosis and aneurysms, represent significant health issues associated with high mortality rates worldwide. These pathological conditions involve either the narrowing (stenosis) or abnormal dilation (aneurysm) of arterial vessels, profoundly affecting blood flow dynamics and vascular health. Haemodynamics play a crucial role in the development of such diseases, influencing the functionality of the cardiovascular system. Human blood demonstrates complex rheological behaviour due to its multicomponent nature, primarily consisting of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells, plasma, and platelets.
Furthermore, blood exhibits magnetic properties attributed to the haemoglobin contained within RBCs. In this study, we investigate the effect of the magnetic field on blood flow dynamics through arteries exhibiting stenosis and aneurysms. The mesoscopic lattice Boltzmann method with the BGK collision approximation (LBGK) is employed for numerical simulations. Human blood is treated as a non-Newtonian fluid and modelled using the Carreau-Yasuda rheological model. Results are presented through detailed visualizations, including streamlines, velocity profiles, and wall shear stress (WSS) distributions. The analysis also discusses the influence of relevant non-dimensional numbers, highlighting critical insights into the interplay between magnetic fields and blood flow behaviour under pathological conditions. The proposed numerical model demonstrates effectiveness and accuracy in addressing magneto-hydrodynamic blood flow in arteries exhibiting stenosis and aneurysm. These results can potentially assist clinicians in the diagnosis, treatment, and regulation of blood flow during surgical procedures related to cardiovascular disorders.
