Title : Prescribing patterns and risk factor assessment in coronary artery disease patients undergoing angioplasty: A prospective study
Abstract:
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) results from the obstruction of blood supply to the heart. Angioplasty is a common intervention for managing CAD, supplemented by supportive and preventive therapies. Modifiable risk factors for CAD include hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and type 2 traits, along with non-modifiable factors like age, gender, and family history. This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with CAD and evaluate medication prescribing trends in CAD patients.
Methodology: A prospective analysis was conducted on 88 patients undergoing coronary angioplasty. Data on CAD risk factors and patients' medication history were collected and analyzed for prescribing patterns and rationality. Statistical analysis was performed using suitable tools.
Results: The majority of CAD patients were male (80.68%) with a mean age of 59.19 years, and most (39.77%) were aged between 61-70 years. Hypertension and diabetes were the most prevalent conditions at admission. Notably, BMI, stress, lack of exercise, hypertension, diabetes, and a family history of cardiovascular disease were identified as significant CAD risk factors (p<0.05). Commonly prescribed drugs included antiplatelets, antibiotics, antihypertensives, antiulcer medications, antihyperlipidemic, and antidiabetic agents. Drug interactions were detected in 19.31% of cases, with two classified as severe. Everolimus- and sirolimus-coated stents were frequently used.
Conclusion: In conclusion, a history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes emerged as major CAD risk factors. The study also highlighted some irrational prescribing trends. Enhanced patient counseling and care could help mitigate CAD risks and reduce the overall healthcare burden.
