Title : Follow up of ischemic heart failure patients after surgical revascularization
Abstract:
Ischemic heart failure (IHF), primarily resulting from Coronary Artery Disease, remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Surgical revascularization, particularly off- pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), is a cornerstone treatment for patients with viable myocardium and severe left ventricular dysfunction. While the peri-operative outcomes of CABG are well-documented, long-term follow-up remains critical in determining the overall success and prognosis of patients with IHF post-revascularization. This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes, functional status, ventricular function, and survival of ischemic heart failure patients following surgical revascularization, emphasizing the importance of structured follow-up protocols.
Methods: A prospective and/or retrospective analysis was conducted involving patients with documented ischemic cardiomyopathy who underwent CABG. Follow-up data included electrocardiography assessments, Mitral Regurgitation, New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, quality of life indices, incidence of recurrent angina, re -hospitalization rates, and long-term survival. Additional parameters included medication adherence, lifestyle modification, subsequently follow-ups.
Results: Follow-up data revealed a significant improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and NYHA functional class in most patients. Mortality and re-hospitalization rates were reduced among those who adhered to structured follow-up programs and optimized medical therapy. Cardiac rehabilitation was associated with improved quality of life and reduced incidence of recurrent ischemic events. Patient lost in follow up had poor compliance with Guidelines directed therapy usually came back with decompensated heart failure.
Conclusion: Long-term follow-up after surgical revascularization in ischemic heart failure patients is essential to monitor ventricular function, optimize medical therapy, and improve survival and quality of life. Multidisciplinary follow-up care, including cardiology, rehabilitation, and primary care services, plays a pivotal role in enhancing patient outcomes post-CABG. Regular imaging, functional assessment, and lifestyle counseling should be integrated into post-operative care to maximize the benefits of revascularization.
