Title : Magnetite Nanoparticles (MCS-B) as a basis for antibacterial action: Mechanisms and cinical perspectives
Abstract:
Background: Today the world’s attention is locked on the problem of bacterial resistant to antibiotics – one of the most serious threats to humanity. About 5.000 patients a year in the UK died from bloodstream infections, half of them caused by drug-resistant organisms. Antimicrobial resistance is a ticking time-bomb not only for the UK but also for the hole world. It was discovered that magnetite nanoparticles significantly increase the sensitivity of pathogens to antibacterial medications. The main goal was to investigate the influence of basic physical factors of magnetite nanoparticles on different groups of microorganisms.
Object of research: candida albicans ATCC 885/653, escherichia coli ATCC 25922, pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 700603.
Materials and methods: colloidal solution of magnet-controlled sorbent (M?S-B; trade name). The basis of MCS-B is biocompatible magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4). Magnetite nanoparticles have been produced in Laboratory of Applied Nanotechnology of Belousova. The intensity of free radical peroxidation lipids (FRPL) was measured by means method of hemiluminescence for installing quantmetric equipment with multi-channel photomultiplier PMT-140. Preparation of bacterial cultures. After 24 h bacterial cultures growth on Mueller-Hinton agar was made microbial suspension in saline NaCl with scale McFarland appropriate 0.5. Then the initial concentration of working culture was titrated to concentration corresponding to 104. Sowing S. aureus was carried out on Mueller-Hinton medium; E.coli and K. pneumoniae - on Endo medium.
Results: It was well established that the magnetite nanoparticles (MCS-B) caused unequal reaction in intensity of FRLP on different groups of microorganisms. It was determined that the most significant factor that influenced on the ultimate indicator of the intensity of luminescence on candida albicans, escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa was constant magnetic field which induced by nanoparticles. On the contrary, sorption was the most significant factor on staphylococcus aureus. It was found that the rate of consumption of free radicals lipid reduced reliably on all microorganisms after their processing by magnetite nanoparticles (MCS-B). The results of microbiological studies of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus showed that bacteriostatic effect was detected after exposure by magnetite nanoparticles. Visually, it was detected by decreasing the number of colonies on the nutritious medium in comparison with the control (Fig.1). It was revealed an interesting fact that saline NaCl, which had previously been processed by magnetite nanoparticles also significantly had a marked bacteriostatic effect on the studied microorganisms. This phenomenon is presumed to result from changes in the polarization structure of water induced by the applied magnetite nanoparticles (MCS-B), which likely affects microbial viability.
Conclusion: It was discovered that degree of expression of bacteriostatic action which induced by magnetite nanoparticles had correlation with marks of reactions intensity of FRLP. Maximum bacteriostatic effect on staphylococcus aureus was expressed in second variant application of magnetite nanoparticles where mechanism of sorption was more significant than action of the magnetic field. On the contrary, maximum bacteriostatic effect on escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae was revealed in third variant, where time exposition of contact with microorganisms nanoparticles and, consequently, action of a constant magnetic field was determinative
